What is the first step in selecting a random sample from a population?

To start the process of selecting a random sample from a population, the initial and crucial step is to assign a number to every member of the population. This step ensures that each individual within the group has a unique identifier, which is essential for creating a framework for randomness.

Once members of the population are numbered, it becomes feasible to utilize randomization techniques—such as generating random numbers—to select participants accurately. Randomization helps to eliminate bias and ensures that every member of the population has a fair chance of being included in the sample. The subsequent steps in the sampling process rely on this initial assignment of numbers, making it foundational for achieving a truly random sample.

In contrast, generating a list of random numbers is a subsequent action that relies on the established numbering of the population. Matching the numbers to members is also an important step that follows the generation of random numbers. Conducting a survey of the population would occur after the random sample has been selected. Therefore, the assignment of numbers serves as the critical first action in effectively sampling from a population.