What term describes the measure of how much matter is in a given volume?

The term that describes the measure of how much matter is in a given volume is density. Density is defined as mass per unit volume. This means that density tells us how much mass is contained in a specific volume of an object or substance.

For example, if you have two objects that are the same size or occupy the same volume, but one is significantly heavier than the other, the heavier object has a higher density. This concept is crucial in various scientific applications, including material science and engineering, where understanding the properties of different materials is essential.

The other terms provided do relate to measurements of matter, but they describe different concepts. Mass refers simply to the amount of matter itself, without reference to volume. Volume measures the amount of space an object occupies, and weight is the force exerted by gravity on that mass. Understanding these distinctions helps in accurately describing physical properties in science and mathematics.